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UNDER THE FACTS PRESENTED, A COUNTY PUBLIC DEFENDER SHOULD NOT REPRESENT
A DEFENDANT CONVICTED OF FIRST-DEGREE MURDER AND SENTENCED TO DEATH IN
SEEKING TO OVERTURN THE CONVICTION AND SENTENCE IN A FEDERAL HABEAS CORPUS
ACTION WHERE THE GROUNDS FOR RELIEF INVOLVE ALLEGED INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE
OF ANOTHER LAWYER IN THE PUBLIC DEFENDER'S OFFICE WHO IS NO LONGER ASSOCIATED
WITH THAT OFFICE.
FACTS
Attorney A was a county public defender and was appointed to represent
a defendant who was charged with first-degree murder and ultimately given
a death sentence. Attorney A's assistants were Attorneys B and C, who
assisted Attorney A in the defense. After the defendant was sentenced
to death, the matter was appealed to the Nebraska Supreme Court. Prior
to completion of the proceedings in the Nebraska Supreme Court, Attorneys
A and B withdrew as public defenders.
Attorney C was appointed by the county board to complete
a reply brief and, following affirmance, prepared and filed a brief
for rehearing in the Nebraska Supreme Court. Attorney C then left the
public defender's office. Attorney D was appointed county public defender
on the day after Attorney A withdrew. Upon denial of rehearing in the
Nebraska Supreme Court, Attorney D filed a petition for writ of certiorari
with the United States Supreme Court, which was denied.
Attorney D requested an opinion from the Advisory Committee
as to whether he could properly represent the defendant in post-conviction
relief proceedings in the state court, alleging that the defendant was
denied effective assistance of counsel by Attorneys A and B when they
represented the defendant through the public defender's office. The
Advisory Committee, in Opinions No. 87-6, issued an opinion
stating that it would be a conflict of interest for Attorney D to represent
the defendant in the post-conviction relief proceedings. Accordingly,
Attorney D withdrew, and Attorney E (who is not connected with the public
defender's office) was appointed to represent the defendant in the state
post-conviction relief proceedings. Post-conviction relief has been
denied by the Nebraska Supreme Court.
Attorney D now wishes to file a federal habeas corpus
action in behalf of the defendant which would allege, inter alia, ineffective
assistance of counsel by Attorneys A and B when they were formerly associated
with the public defender's office.
QUESTION PRESENTED
May Attorney D, the current county public defender, seeking relief in
federal habeas corpus proceedings, ethically allege that former lawyers
for the county public defender's office provided ineffective assistance
of counsel to the defendant at the time he was convicted and sentenced
to death?
DISCUSSION
The factual situation is in essence no different from the situation which
was the subject of the Committee's Opinions No. 87-6. In
opinion No. 87-6, the Committee noted that it would clearly be a conflict
of interest for Attorney D to assert on behalf of a defendant seeking
post-conviction relief that Attorney A provided ineffective assistance
of counsel. The Committee determined that this conflict of interest situation
is imputed to any other lawyer employed by the same public defender's
office. The Committee noted that the question deals not only with actual
conflicts but with the appearance of impropriety and that "a lawyer
should determine his conduct by acting in a manner that promotes public
confidence in the integrity and efficiency of the legal system and the
legal profession."
The prospective federal habeas corpus action is one
of several avenues that remain to the defendant in challenging his sentence.
Having determined that there was an imputed conflict of interest that
ethically proscribed Attorney D from representing the defendant in the
state post-conviction relief proceedings, this Committee has no alternative
but to continue to maintain this position in connection with any subsequent
court proceedings by the defendant challenging his sentence. If a conflict
does in fact exist, participation in the defendant's challenges by Attorney
D at this stage of the proceedings would merely provide an additional
basis to the defendant to challenge the original proceedings.
Since there is no apparent reason why the defendant
could not obtain representation from the lawyer who handled the post-conviction
relief proceedings or some other lawyer, Attorney D should not represent
the defendant in the federal habeas corpus proceedings.
CONCLUSION
Under the facts presented, a county public defender should not represent
a defendant convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to death
in seeking to overturn the conviction and sentence in a federal habeas
corpus action where the grounds for relief involve alleged ineffective
assistance of another lawyer in the public defender's office who is
no longer associated with that office.
90-1
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